Organizations have been flooded by information technology that affects how they are designed and managed, and the external environments in which they do business. In today’s workplace, many employees perform much of their work on computers and may work in virtual teams, connected electronically to colleagues around the world. In addition, organizations are becoming enmeshed in electronic networks. More and more business takes place by digital processes over a computer network rather than in physical space. End-to-end digital supply-chain networks are used to keep in touch with customers, take orders, buy components from suppliers, coordinate with manufacturing partners and ship customized products directly to consumers.